UCSD Measure Density of Seawater From Scripps Pier Using Four Different Methods Lab

Density & Salinity Laboratory Protocol

Details provided during your laboratory section.

Supplemental Materials

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Background on Ocean Salinity (.pdf)- good resource for your lab report discussionPhysical and Thermodynamic Data (.pdf)- more good background

CRC Handbook – Density of Water

download(.pdf)Unesco Equation Spreadsheet (.xlsx)- Useful for processing salinometer data.Millero Density Spreadsheet (.xlsx)- Useful for calculating salinity from density and temperature data.- BOD bottle or density meter experiments. False
(a)
lb)
False
(c)
True
(d)
False
let
True
eg
,
True
Lh)
False
For
ey
.
r
t
–
.
.
Can
.
the
This
is
f14
units
–
–
concentration
concentration
city -1
constant
,
Reaction
units
CHZCHO
.
Rate
.
(g)
.
has
r
,
order
–
has
K
,
Ifl False
2
zero
,
is
co
a
KEHGYJ-LT.pt]
[ Hg ]
”
–
.
”
time
”
time
”
temperature and pressure
I
.
catalyst / Intermediate
elementary
Reaction
A + 2B
trimolecular Reaction
REA) [ BIZ
is
.
–
–
CHO ]
of
function
a’ dI¥= fd.LI#=-ddEdeI
be
over
f- K Eats
,
‘
right
.
→
products
.
(a)
True
(b)
True
Bimolecular
,
For
.
False
a)
Arrhenius
.
False
reaction
Arrhenius
X
.
reaction
composite
homogenous
b)
Reaction
–
KEAJEB ]
don’t
we
,
.
know
the
rate law
w/o experiment
Equation holds well for nearly all elementary
and
for most composite reaction
reached
equation by making an argument
the dependence of rate constant on
temperature would probably show
resemblance
with temperature
dependence of equilibrium constant
.
to
.
A
plot
This
of begiok
enables
False
.
Ea
The
‘
us
and
unit
.
IT
A
of
is
to
A
straight
found
a
be
are
line
slope
with
.
same
as
those
of
R
and
intercept
.
(a)
PINKOS)
Ideal
0.25 atm
–
–
gas
law
Pv
:
#
V
.
n
–
–
RT
dms
5
–
p
,
t=
,
IS
CRT
–
–
0%5,4×4%435
mollnis-lo.mx/o-3mol.i f=R-LN2O5)–
c-
–
=
I
=
y
pinkos ]
–
–
d -44205 ]
=
de
“)
–
[ Naos ]
=
–
C
–
V
N [ N2O5 ]
–
I dE”dE
3.54×10-7 moi
1.77×10-7
–
.
I
=
L
( mot
=
1.77×10-7×5
=
8.85×10-1
=
mot
E! S
–
–
h
.
NA
=
=
–
S
–
‘
( mot
mot
E
)
)
( mot )
mot
8.85×107×6.02×1023
5.328×10
”
E! 5
‘
molest
‘
–
–
I
l
( mot
E
–
-77×107
t
3.54×10-1×0.5
=
=
n
1.77×10-7
1.77×10-7×5=8.84×10-7
T=rV=
(b)
-73×10 -5×10.22×10-3
molecule
–
Lt
.
5
‘
)
(d)
111205
RENDS ]
F-
while
→
=
–
214024¥02
lad”dI
214205
in
–
zd4d’
‘
✓
‘
J
,
k
dn4
dt
dNNz05 )
–
d.LY#-7.-j=-dncN-Os
–
ta
-3217102-12102
‘
dt
=2r=
1.77×10-7×2
2J
8.84×10-7×2
=
–
taek
F-
NzO5
r=
=
411102-102
→
‘
re
g-
=
unchanged
is
-7×10
Mol
‘
I S
–
Mol
.
8-1
depends
(
.
–
I
=3 133
–
on
.
mot
1.768×10
=
T and
‘
Half
life
–
First
,
–
order
P)
Reaction
-42=42!
KA
=
tyz
(b)
A
=
–
K
U2
2×1-73×10 -5–3.46×10-55
=
In
=
L
=
3.46×10-551
RA
20028
‘
s
o.co/mol.dm-3,t=24h=864oosEN2Os-J-)
ENDS]o=
[ Naos
–
–
.
e
RA ‘t
–
[ MOST
=
=
o.co/1mo1.dm-3)
2.87×10-3
–
mot
3-
46×10-5×86400
e
.
I
E S
‘
P
”
–
‘
mot 5
–
16.16
( as
>
‘
–
For
Second
–
order Reaction
DEET
r=kEA5= I
–
[¥ ¥
=
–
Ha
–
,
Half life
‘
–
tyz
know
We
kA=
=
[
-412
EAT
n
,
–
[A)
,
EAT
KENO ]
.
we
Fz
–
L
–
→
[ FI
can
.
=
ka
It
–
t
EATO
(
5×103 mol.li’
=
0.67×10-7
)
mot !
5×103
1661.13
4h01
t
mot
hlfz)
,
–
–
e-
3.33×10-3
[ Fs ]=
,
L
f- v.v
apply
,
the
=
–
2h01
mot L
;
¥:
=
–
case
.
–
–
S
( mot
f- 600L
”
Edna”Io4=dNF4
dt
simple
–
L
I
2111027
;
EB=bz=I
50 min
,
IT 0.67×10-7×100×60115×103
( Nor)=
6.67×10-3mot
21402T
,
t
=
( TRA ‘t EA]o
-1=155
Here
–
.
=
r=
ka ak
,
! -42=5×13×50×-605
(A) 0
[ NO , ]
Products
‘
[ AI ,oo=
(a)
–
→
Atoka
and
CATO
2A
.
kbt
I
–
.
L
‘
)
12=38
L moi’s
”
–
t
,
T.gxio-s.la
=
=
EBT
=
Iss
–
,
[A ]
–
–
.
Rb
I
–
–
,
[Af
6.67×10-3
=
mot L
‘
‘
.
15×38
[ NOD
ETAT
=
=
l
–
388×10-3 mot
CFD
=
6.94×10-4
.
E
‘
‘
mot I
–
(b)
after
Rate
f
=
ios
:
K [ NOT Efz ]
=
=
Initial
f-
38×1.388×10 -3×6.94×10-4 (
3.66×10-5
mot
‘
–
L
‘
5
–
moi
.
Lts
–
‘
)
‘
rate :
KENO DEFT
=
=
38×6.67×10 -3×3.33×10-3
8.44×10-4
mot Lt S
–
.
–
I
( mot 51.5 )
‘
.
(a)
dpd
=
This
is
Here
①
2
Palo
will
The
reaction
⑦
Run 4
time
–
try
.
Hz
.
The
K Bitz
–
Half life
–
–
–
Compared
,
is
k
Rum 4
.
with
=
¥
1hL
excess
in
be
can
Pino
tYz=
Run
tyz
19.2
=
K
Reaction
r
tyz
=
,
.
[A]
3
Run
.
!
.
Pitz
.
with
(
⇐
order
puny
3=276 Is
.
,
K= R
doesn’t
–
Papo
change)
PHL
to
Reaction
K
,
.
to
Half life
approximated
CATO
H2
Reaction)
Byo
.
Second
(
D
compared
order
( First
simplify
to
approximated
be
can
.
Palo
.
constant
a
-2k Bio Pitz
approximations
excess
in
is
=
Reaction
some
relatively
f
Half
use
No
.
is
date
Pitz
trimolecular
a
we
Run
R Pri
–
=3 CATO
.
Runs
K
–
,
–
KPH )
.
For
(b)
t
K
fgh }
–
–
land
Run
2
K Pitz
–
K
.
0.036,5
=
‘
,
Pmo
‘
,
ka
–
Bto
–
600 (
=
.
RA
1×10-7
=
A
r
df#
=
=
(a)
(
b)
( C)
(d)
KEAT -435
–
dta#=
2B
t
ar
–
–
r
REATEBT
dd”#
=
dI#
DIII!
dta
=
=
–
–
DEF ]
DI
‘
–
–
,
=
;
,
R
,
k -433
,
EB ]
=
kg EB)
–
–
br
–
;
mmHg
19.2
)
trimolecular
Reaction
fdthI-t-dd.LI
=
zr
–
df#=cr=3r
:
BKEAIEBJ?
ZKEAIEBJ
=
tyz=t÷=
‘
,
–
dd
=
=
i
CREATE B]
‘
3k EAT -435
REB)
daE#
;
TREE]
–
–
dtd#
HEB] -1k ICE ]
=
–
dt¥=
;
‘
R -437
–
ta df#
ddY#
5
.
3C
→
–
;
AREA ] -435
–
–
=
=
Hgf
( mm
,
DIII
Rs [ B)
k-3 EFT
REB ]
=
–
t
–
KCET ;
REB] Kitts
–
k-347
–
jdd#
dt#
RZIEI
=
=
i
ki EB ]
1-
RILE]
df
–
k
–
=
i
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LET
16.61
Ti
.
660k
=
¥
–
.
–
e
16.68
two
.
=
Ea
RT
–
–
DIII
‘
Ai
–
–
–
e
+
La-LA ]
RT
=
=
}
dm
0176
.
Es
KEAT
=
o
mechanisms
.
–
ki
=
c
dEd#
–
0%8
competing
A
✓
=
EFT
ka
–
D
–
–
Ea
and
k,
III
–
=
k
Ea
=
.
,
.
#
c
Kz
K2
into
–
moi
–
‘
s
EAT
RT
=
EET
Eff
(
Equation
–
A. e
.
.
Ea
,
I
–
ki
t
.it/4cT)Ea.zKiLTItkzlT
kilt ) Ea
)
.
toes
i
–
I
K= Kit ka
;
–
”
Ik
C
.
da¥tda÷
;
,
plug
720k
c
( KitKat
Ase
Tz
.
dtnldktk”
‘
I :L:7Thm¥
,
0.068
=
Kz
”
–
–
e
–
J/moI
–
Earth it
–
.
Ea 177 kJ/md= 177×1000
.
EET
Ea
.
.
t
Eff
z.kz )
.
–
–
A
.
–
e
TT )
,
At B F
4)
step
[c) EDT
”
KII
–
–
.
I
244
,
fitting
–
–
t
4.35
is
,
–
e
–
¥÷5/µ
–
.e
,
Effi
–
–
.
I
2×96
–
kJ/mol
Ink
equation
intercept
Hi
EI÷tzEa¥ z⇐r ,
2Ea
–
=
The
–
e
–
Ea .2t2Ea
slope
40
–
Aza;AI
The
N
–
Az e
196+2×120
From
Ecj
Kz
–
”
.
=
TF 298.15 K
( v. d. s )
Gt H
r=ki E:3?
‘
=
Use
In
f
‘
‘s
Ea =
(a)
I :3
K2
2C →
equilibrium )
in
,
–
–
k=
(
K I
–
k=
K)
D
ki
=
[A) EB]
co
+
fast
is
1
C
IHA
–
–
Te 293.45K
result
1-3=290
.
Ink
plot
,
.
45K
vs
.
YT
1-4=287.15
K
.
”
-6480 K
is
ERT
–
26.92
,
–
.
1nA
–
–
¥=
26.92
–
6480
,
,
Ea
5.38/4×104%01
–
–
1-4=287
.
15k
14=77
14×77=590 ‘t
,
while
141=57.2 OF
(a)
The
–
ta dEdA#
From
KEA ]
=
dh
‘
From
a-
ideal
Pa
Substiting
get
we
–
–
eg
.
hft
–
–
”
–
RT
into
dt
=
=
PAV
eg
”
MART
–
–
–
( CA )
”
)
[ HIRT
Iii )
,
Kp ( CAIR’ll
Kp
( RT )
)
,
PA
RT
I dd
=
question
lit
(
Ciii )
DEAD
this
in
Equation
ta a¥( [ AT RT )
Ia
Ci )
HRT
=
product
s
–
kppan
=
gas
PV
AA
”
relationship
the
–
for
law
rate
RT )
Kp CA)
”
”
”
Liii )
From
–
eq
”
lil
at dta#
KEAT
”
K
(b)
for
=
order
n
”
( RT )
( RT )
=
K
h
–
“”
–
–
–
reaction
I
,
Kp
–
–
lil
1.
”
Kp IA ]
Kp
( RT )
relationship
This
nth
=
know
we
KEAT
=
Kp
=)
,
.
K
.
‘
–
is
n
valid
for
any
(a)
At B
2C
→
2
,
2A
and
I
ZA t
2B
2C
Ft B
t
Reaction
i
I
2C
→
F
→
2A
313
of
G
step
Cc )
a
,
b
.
C
.
→
ZA -1213 -12C + Ft B
overall
lb )
numbers
stoichiometric
are
F
→
Ft B
la )
D
Ct
→
TZD
-1
G
→ 2C -121)
→
213+9
TF
t 2A
tf
(b)
catalyst
speeds
–
Intermediate
does
I
.
A
→
B
→
the
overall
Formed
–
and
mechanism
step
in
appear
not
in
consumed
not
appear
one
in
in
catalyst
Reactant
[ →
Intermediate
D
Product
→
f-
G
→
s
–
but
the reaction
up
Intermediate
product
chemical
step
a
the
does
Eq
of
h
.
a
subsequent
overall
Reaction’
(a)
False
(b)
False
(c)
True
First
(a)
r
KEA ]
–
EAT
[ A)
when
Reaction
order
=
(
=
t
–
–
[ A)
I
Iad
dt
EAT oe
-_
–
–
KAT
3255
Rae ka
,
X% ) EAT
–
.
X
.
–
complete
21=35
,
[ Abe
=
:
RA ‘t
–
④
(
I
–
KA
a -2
RA
,
for
lb)
2K
–
–
70%
[A ]
[A)
f.
=
=
=
R
o
–
RA
–
325
0,0013351
.
[ A)
=
e
o
–
–
o
complete
e
–
.
0006635
‘
.
KA T
KAI
–
,
In 10.3 )
=
905
RA
S
o.IE/t3o-=hhl0.l
90%
,
complete
)
–
ka
EAT
,
=
‘-
17315
‘
0.001335
0.3 CATO
–
For
[ A)
35%1 [ A ]o=
.
(
(a)
First
–
order
Reaction )
–
r
–
–
–
Idgaf
‘
KEAT
=
–
–
dta#
=
–
–
‘
KATHI
–
l
l
EA )
A
daft
concentration
–
activity
–
=
–
dal
N
A
–
–
AN
=
I
. .
.
f!!
,
Inc
#o e
I
=
–
d
I
=
–
it
,
–
Adt
at
Ho
–
At
=
d No
–
–
e
do
=dNo
(t
It
A-
=
=
Ito
Ao
–
e
,
–
.
e
t
–
–
e
,
–
–
/
dm
–
# dat foot
–
No
=
at
at
–
–
)
o
(b)
226
Rd
222
→
IS
No
Ao
Ra
=
–
–
Na
.
glmol
226
3.7×10
”
s
‘
‘
=
Mo
=
D= 1.39×10
t
–
d -42=0.693
”
s
–
4Hez
2.66×1021
,
D=
,
I
tyz=
,
9%32×10
I
-1=999 years
A
=
=
=
Ao
.
e
NIT
1600
”
s
years
3.15×10105
=
it
3.7×1010
2.4×10
”
–
.
e
s
–
I
( 1. 39×10
–
”
x
3.15×10
”
)
(c)
Kd
log
Not Kol )
.
I
=
A-
=
=
=
=
2×108
Ao
e
16.2
-72×10
yr
–
=
–
o
x
-72×10
16.2 S
=
f
I
=
AN
game ,
8.08×1022
=
NA
–
>4
D=
A
!
=
”
Nol Kol )
.
–
–
”
‘
.
ooh
75
X
=
) %
8.08×10
=
5
I
6-31×10155
ht
–
–
14.65
e
‘
172×10
–
‘
( K+ )
9.45×10174 40kt,
‘
9.45×1017
”
7×6.31×1015
‘
111204
①
21402
elementary
The
OCT
=
.
K
Appendix
kpo
ki
Kpo
–
–
ki
ki
–
Forward
o
.
0831
8.3141
–
0.148
(
I bar
2)
.
,
order
–
1k¥
–
mot
equilibrium
?
( bar dm moi
–
.
=
‘
Reaction ;
In
.
Kp
)
constant
on -_ 2’
–
K
‘
I
I
5.97×10-3
=
.
constant
,
oh
KI 2981k)
–
din
.
on
RT )
Kb
First
-4mg
equilibrium
KPYCRT ,
=
1¥
–
Ki
=
–
,
concentration
–
R
=
pressure
–
( b
.
09%8=4730 Hmo ,
,
4730151mg )
Kpo
Reaction
‘
F- 298.15K
.
=
phase
–
Rflnkpo
–
12=8.314%01
From
gas
kf= 4.8×1045
;
8×10615
Backward
-3
( mot dm
–
‘
–
mot i.
–
.
)
‘s
dm )
Second order
(a)
203
,
dEdO#
( b)
ddE#
k [ OSTEND
ki
=
K , [ OSTEND
[ 037
K,
DION
dt
“)
t
f-
(d)
r
–
–
=
3
–
–
Kz
END
KLEOJEOD
TO ] [ Os ]
–
–
is
I
[ 02 ][ 03 END t 21420 ] [ Os )
[023-10] END
I
[ 023203 END
i
K
,
–
I
–
–
Kr -Lo3[ Oz]
[ 023 [ OIEN’D
dtd¥=
I
–
=
(
=D
intermediate)
K2 [ 05h02 ]
,
2122203 [ 033
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Density and salinity measurement
Fun Fact
The Dead Sea is roughly 8.6 times saltier
than the ocean (33.7% salinity). This
salinity makes for a harsh environment in
which animals cannot flourish (hence its
name). The high salinity prevents
macroscopic aquatic organisms such as
fish and aquatic plants from living in it,
though minuscule quantities of bacteria
and microbial fungi are present.
Overview
• Background on Salinity
Conserved Elements
Relation to Physical Properties of Seawater
• Density by Volume (BOD Bottles)
• Salinity by Density Meter (Millero Equation)
• Salinity by Conductivity Probe
• Salinity by Refractive Index (Refractometer)
Salinity of Seawater
:KDWLVVDOLQLW\:
• Salinity is a measure of the total dissolved salts in solution
• The average salt content in the ocean is 35 g per kilogram
of seawater (parts per thousand; ppt)
• Six primary constituents (conservative elements)
It is highly impractical and
problematic to evaporate
seawater in order to make
an accurate salinity
measurement!
For many years, chlorinity
titrations were the
standard procedure for
salinity determination.
Relating conductivity to salinity
In 1978, the “Practical Salinity Scale” (PSS)
was defined based exclusively on
measurement of the conductivity ratio
between a sample and a standard solution.
Waters with the same conductivity ratio have
the same Practical Salinity, regardless of the
composition.
Chemical processes in the ocean lead to small
errors between Absolute Salinity (g/kg) and
Practical Salinity (a unitless quantity).
Millero, F. (1993), Oceanography, 6(3), 67.
In the density lab you will use two rather
complex equations (spreadsheets provided) to
convert between Practial Salinity and density:
The PSS-78 equation allows conversion
between conductivity and Practial Salinity.
The EOS-80 equation converts between
density and Practial Salinity.
In this course we will not distinguish between Absolute and Practial Salinity, other than
to point out that there are some subtle differences that you would care about only if you
were a physical oceanographer. If you are interested in further reading on this subject,
visit http://www.teos-10.org/
Converts conductivity ratio to Practical
Saliniy – This calculation is provided in a
spreadsheet found on 6DOLQLW\5ODQG’HQVLW\.exl”
You only need this portion because Rp = rT = 1 under your
experimental conditions.
Physical Properties of Seawater
Physical Properties are “State Functions”
f = c – p + 2 (Gibbs phase rule)
f = independent intensive variables required to specify the state of the
system
c = number of different chemical species
p = number of phases
• Temperature
• Pressure
• Composition
If we treat seawater like a 2-component
mixture (water + sea salt), then f = 3.
The most common use of a State Function in
oceanography is the practice of calculating
density as a function of temperature,
pressure and salinity.
other examples
• Density
• Energy
• Electrical conductivity/resistivity
• Sound speed
• Refractive index
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_function
Physical Properties of Seawater
Increase with increasing salinity Decrease with increasing salinity
• Density
• Refractive index
• Freezing point
~ -1.8 °C seawater freezing point
• Electrical conductivity
• Temperature of maximum
density
• Transmission speed of
sound
• Compressibility
• Surface tension
• Solubility of non-reacting
gases
• Specific heat
Physical
Salinity
Properties
of Seawater
of Seawater
Increase with increasing salinity Decrease with increasing salinity
• Density
• Refractive index
• Electrical conductivity
• Freezing point
~ -1.8 °C seawater freezing point
• Temperature of maximum
density
Of these physical properties, oceanographers are typically
• Transmission speed of
• seawater.
Compressibility
most
interested
in
the
density
of
Why don’t they
sound
simply measure the density of seawater
directly?
• Solubility
of non-reacting
• Surface tension
gases
• Specific heat
Physical Properties of Seawater
An equation of state describes the state of matter under a given set of
physical conditions. This idea applies to all fluids, gases, solids, not just
seawater!
For seawater, EOS-80 provides
density from salinity, temperature,
pressure
ρ=f(S,T,P)
Also, thermal expansion,
compressibility, specific heat,
adibatic lapse rate, potential
temperature, sound speed.
For simplicity, the newer
Thermodynamic Equation of
Seawater (http://www.teos-10.org/) will
not be used in this course.
Measures of Salinity
• Chlorinity (Fajan’s Method)
– A measure of the content of chloride, bromide, and iodide ions in
seawater
– We derive salinity from the chlorinity:=
Sunk 1.80655 × Cl− 
unk
• Density by Volume
• Density Meter
• Conductivity
– Seawater has a conductivity similar to that of KCl at 15°C and 1 atm
containing a mass of 32.4356 g of KCl per kilogram of solution
– Various ions in solution contribute to the total conductivity reading,
that is, the total concentration of ionic species in the sample, which is
expressed in total dissolved solids (TDS)
– TDS value is relative to a calibration standard (usually KCl)
• Refractometer
– A compact optical device that determines the salinity of a water
sample by comparing the refractive index of the sample to the
refractive index of a refraction prism
Measures of Salinity
Density by Volume
Laboratory Protocol
• The density of seawater will be
determined using the BOD bottles
and the knowledge of the density
of DI water
• First, you will weigh the dry, empty
BOD bottle with the top
B.O.D bottles have a
specially designed
shoulder radius that
sweeps all air from inside
the bottle during filling
• Then you will overfill the BOD
bottle with DI water, put on the top,
wipe the bottle dry, and weigh it
again
Why “overfill” the bottle
How can you determine the
volume of the BOD bottle
Measures of Salinity
Density by Volume
Laboratory Protocol
• Next you will overfill the same
bottle with seawater, put on the
top, wipe the bottle dry, and weigh
it again
How can you determine the
density of seawater
B.O.D bottles have a
specially designed
shoulder radius that
sweeps all air from inside
the bottle during filling
Density Meter
A & B are instrument calibration coefficients
Relating salinity and density
Millero, F.J.; Poisson, A. International one-atmosphere equation of state of seawater.
Deep-Sea Research, 28, 625, 1981.
The spreadsheet on TED contains a reduced
version of the Equation of State calculations.
It calculates density from salinity &
temperature.
TED: Content  Salinity  Laboratory Supplement – Millero Equation Spreadsheet
Relating
Measures
salinity
of and
Salinity
density
Salinity can be found by “inverting” the EOS usng “Guess and Check”: enter the temperature,
and then modify the salinity until you match the density measured with the meter. (Note that the
Gibbs seawater toolbox for Matlab contains an explicit function for this calculation).
Measures of Salinity
Conductivity
Typical conditions: AC ~500-5000
Hz, Cell resistance ~1kΩ
Why is it necessary to use AC
rather than DC in measurement of
electrolytic conductivity?
•
Electricity is a flow of elections, thus charged
particles (ions) will conduct electricity due to
their mobility in solution.
•
Conductivity is the ability of a solution to pass
current. More concentrated solutions have a
higher conductivity.
•
The amount of current flowing is proportional
to the number of ions present in the
conducting solution.
•
Conductivity is an intensive property of the
solution and depends on S, T, P. Sensors
measure conductance and then calculate
conductivity from the cell constant, which was
previously determined during a calibration
using a solution of known conductivity
(typically KCl or a seawater standard).
Instrumentation for conductivity measurement
Benchtop salinometer
Benchtop probe (used in this class)
Sea-Bird Electronics
In situ sensors
Measures of Salinity
Refractometer
Bausch & Lomb Abbe-3L refractometer
•
Measures the extent to which light is bent
(refraction) when moving from one
medium (i.e air) into another (i.e seawater)
•
Illuminating prism: Used to pass light from
the source through the sample and into the
refracting prism
•
Refracting prism (or measuring prism):
Glass of high refractive index (~ 1.75),
used to measure the refractive index of the
sample
Measures of Salinity
Refractometer
Snell’s Law
•
Liquid sample sandwiched into a thin
layer between an illuminating prism
and a refracting prism
•
Light is projected through the
illuminating prism and through the
sample
•
Light from point A to point B will have
the largest angle of incidence (θi) and
the largest angle of refraction (θr)
•
All other light entering the refraction
prism will have a smaller θr and lie to
the left of point C
•
A detector placed on the backside of
the refraction prism would show a light
region and a dark region
•
The borderline between the between
the light and dark is used to determine
the angle of refraction θr and thus the
refractive index (n) of the sample (in
a vacuum n = 1 for the speed of light)
Measures of Salinity
Refractometer
Q.
Calculate the refractive
index of the transparent
block given an incident
angle of 15o
(see picture to right).
Click Here for
YouTube Video
(0:45/2:56)
Snell’s
Law
Measures of Salinity
Refractive Index as it Relates to Salinity
Salinity vs Refractive Index
40
Salinity
38
36
34
y = 5585.5x – 7446.2
32
R2 = 1
30
1.33800
1.33850
1.33900
1.33950
1.34000
1.34050
Refractive Index
TED: Content  Salinity  Laboratory Supplement – Salinity vs RI and Salinity vs SG Curves
Measures of Salinity
Laboratory Questions to Consider
Which analysis method provided
the most accurate and/or precise
value for salinity and why?
100A First Lab Assignment (5% of your grade)
Density and Salinity
Density meter: Watch the video to see how the density meter is used and assess jhow
long it would take to do the analysis. Put the data into a table form in an Excel
spreadsheet. Remember to title the table and include the units and significant figures.
Given the density convert to salinity using the Millero Equation spreadsheet (found in
Density Salinity Experimental Details) using the check and see method. Remember to
report the temperature. For advanced users you can also use the solver function. What is
the uncertainty? (Based on Sig Figs from instrument)
Bottle Density: Watch the video and note the time to use the two-balance technique to
determine the density of seawater. DI Water and the density table create the volume
standardization. Remember that the bottle has t start clean and dry. Think about this in
the comparison section below. Given the density convert to salinity using the Millero
Equation spreadsheet using the check and see method. Create a table of sea water density
and salinity based on the BOD bottles. (found in Density Salinity Experimental
Details)Report the temperature. Pay attention to the Table format and the significant
figures. What is the uncertainty? (Error Propagation)
Conductivity: Watch the video and keep track of the timing. This exercise also uses a
Reference Material. A sample of known chlorinity which can be converted to salinity.
Given the salinity convert to the density using the Millero Equation spreadsheet using the
check and see method. Create a table of sea water density and salinity based on the
conductivity. (found in Density Salinity Experimental Details)Report the temperature.
Pay attention to the Table format and the significant figures. What is the uncertainty?
(Error Propagation)
Refractive Index: Watch the video and keep track of the timing. This exercise also uses a
Reference Material, the known index of refraction of water. This allows you the ability
to check your proper usage of the refractometer. Given the density or salinity, find the
other using the Millero Equation spreadsheet using the check and see method. Create a
table of sea water density and salinity based on the refractive index. (found in Density
Salinity Experimental Details)Report the temperature. Pay attention to the Table format
and the significant figures. What is the uncertainty? (Error Propagation)
To be submitted, representing 5% of your grade
Create an electronic notebook following the guideline materials available on line and also
reflected in the video.
You will be graded on three aspects
I (1%) The quality of your electronic notebook submission
II (2%) The formatting and documentation of your spreadsheet. Labels, units, sig figs
and the proper computation of the averages and the uncertainties.
III (2%) Compare the techniques for determining the density and salinity. Compare them
with respect to:
Precision
Speed
Cost
Skill of the operator
Can you envision scenarios where each technique would be the right choice under the
circumstances? The choice of analytical techniques and equipment is built around the required
precision, # of samples to be analyzed, the time per analysis, the cost of the analysis and the skill
(pay) of the operator.
Determination of the density of seawater—notes on procedures and write-up
Goal:
The aim of this lab is to measure the density of seawater from the Scripps pier using 4 different methods.
The uncertainties in each method are assessed using standard methods in error analysis.
Materials:
BOD bottles (qty 1)
Top-loading balance
Density meter
Refractometer
Conductivity Meter
Preparation for this lab:
1. Review all lecture slides related to this lab, particularly those related to BOD bottles and the operation
of a density meter and refractometer.
2. Be aware of all content that is uploaded on the TritonEd website related to this lab. Instrument manuals
and spreadsheets are some of the important content.
3. Read this document. Before lab you are expected to jot down a few notes about the procedures in your
lab notebook. Brief notes are sufficient.
Procedures:
Density by volume and mass, using a BOD bottle
1. Note that the BOD bottles and stoppers are numbered. You and your partner will each work with your
own bottle. Record the number, and make sure not to swap bottles/stoppers during the experiment.
2. Check that the bottles and stoppers are clean and dry; then weigh each empty bottle with its stopper on
the top-loading balance. Make sure to record as many significant figures as possible.
3. Use distilled water to quantify the volume of each bottle. The BOD bottle is first overfilled. Slow
transfer of the liquid into the bottle minimizes turbulence and entrapped bubbles. Stopper the bottle.
Excess liquid should be removed by blotting the neck with Kimwipes and drying the bottle with your blue
towel. Check carefully for any bubbles and wetness on the exterior of the bottle. Weigh the bottle with the
DI water. Measure and record the temperature of the DI water after weighing. Pour out the DI water in
preparation for the next step.
4. Repeat step (3) so that you have a minimum of three separate measurements of the bottle with DI
water.
5. Rinse the bottle several times with small quantities of seawater. Follow steps as described above in (3),
but now with seawater rather than distilled water. Repeat this measurement so that you have a minimum
of three separate measurements of the BOD bottle with seawater.
6. Rinse each BOD bottle with several aliquots of distilled water after the seawater. Leave the bottles out
on the countertop to dry. The bottles will be re-weighed in the next lab period for comparison with the
weight found in step (2).
7. Determine the volume of the BOD bottle from data recorded in steps (2), (3),(4),and (6) along with the
known density of distilled water. Report the uncertainty in the volume, taking into account any
uncertainties in the mass of the empty bottle+stopper, or the mass of bottle+stopper+ DI water.
8. With the known volume of the BOD bottle, and the seawater masses measured in step (5), determine
the density of seawater. Be sure to take into account any uncertainty in the measurement of the seawater
mass or the volume of the BOD bottle.
Using the Millero Equation spreadsheet available on line, enter the temperature and substitute
values for the salinity until the value of the density matches the value obtained from the meter.
You should have a value for the density and salinity of the seawater sample.
Density by the density meter (frequency of oscillation)
Validate the calibration of the density meter with a DI water value that agrees to within +0.00005 at a
stated temperature. Then acquire three density values for seawater.
1. Read instructions for use of the density meter provided in lab. A PDF version of the quickstart guide is
also included in the folder for the lab.
2. Inject ~1 mL of DI water into the device, scan for bubbles, and run the instrument.
3. Continue re-injecting distilled water samples, and record the density with each injection. You should
make at least three separate measurements. Do not reject any data at this stage unless there is a definite
reason (i.e. visible bubble). Record the temperature setpoint for the density meter.
4. Analyze the data for DI water while you are in lab. You should quickly find the average and estimated
standard deviation for your three (or more) measurements. All data from step (3) must be kept unless a Qtest justifies the removal of a suspect datapoint. If you reject any data, show your thinking as clearly as
possible.
5. Compare the average density found in step (4) with the known density of distilled water at the relevant
temperature. What is the percent difference? A scalar correction factor could be derived from this
comparison. Consider whether it is good practice to apply a scalar correction for other samples. As part of
your thinking, consider the origins of an error.
6. After running the DI water samples, connect the air pump output to the input tubing, and allow air to
run through the U-tube.
7. Now run your seawater sample. As in step (3), you should make at least three separate density
measurements, and you should not reject any data at this stage unless a bubble is observed in the camera
sight. Record the water temperature.
8. Run two syringes of DI water through the device; then run air through it in preparation for the next
team.
9. Analyze the data for the seawater in the same way as described for step (4). At this stage, do not apply
the correction factor derived in step (5).
10. Use the correction factor found in step (5) to adjust the seawater density found in step (9). Again,
you are encouraged to consider whether a scalar correction is a reliable approach, or not. How might you
gain better confidence in such an approach?
Using the Millero Equation spreadsheet available on line, enter the temperature and substitute
values for the salinity until the value of the density matches the value obtained from the meter.
You should have a value for the density and salinity of the seawater sample.
Indirect assessment of density: the refractive index (n).
1. Read posted content on the proper use of a refractometer. A PDF version of the content posted here
http://www2.ups.edu/faculty/hanson/labtechniques/refractometry/smallmovie.htm
is posted in the density folder, as well as a manual for our machine. A printed summary sheet can be
found next to the machine. Caution: Be sure not to touch the prisms with any hard objects, and do not
rub the prism surfaces with tissue or anything else. The surfaces are easily scratched, so a dabbing
motion is preferred to rubbing.
2. Become familiar with the refractometer by first running distilled water samples. Several drops of
liquid are required for each measurement. The team should acquire at least three measurements each ( 3
DI water and 3 SW), to gain a sense of any variability with repeat measurement. Use the same
refractometer for all measurements. Each measurement is recorded with five significant figures. Record
the temperature indicated by the digital thermometer next to the machine.
3. What is the expected index of refraction for distilled water at that temperature, and how does your
number compare with expectation? To consider: what type of ‘correction factor’ could be applied, and do
we know enough to justify such a correction? Or is it better to acknowledge that a systematic error exists,
and expect that unknown samples will be afflicted with similar uncertainty?
4. Next, run your seawater samples. As in step (2), you and your partner should each make at least three
measurements, and record them with five significant figures. Be sure to also record the temperature of
the room/apparatus.
5. TritonEd has information that describes the linear relationship between refractive index and salinity.
Use the Millero equation spreadsheet to relate salinity and density. The latter relationship is not linear, so
you must use correct techniques in error propagation to translate any uncertainty in refractive index, η,
whether determinate or indeterminate, to an uncertainty in the density, ρ.
Indirect assessment of density: Conductivity (Λ).
1. The use of the conductivity probe is similar to the use of a pH probe in that the probe should be
rinsed and patted dry before each measurement. There will also be a short period of time until the
sensor settles down. You are going to measure the conductivity, Λ, of a reference solution of
known salinity and the conductivity of your seawater sample, of unknown salinity. The assumption
is you are able to get a value from a single point calibration based on ratio and proportion at the
recorded temperature. That is
__Λref___
__Λsam___
At a reported Temperature
=
Salinityref
Salinitysam
This single point calibration works so long as the conductivity ratio is close to one. For
conductivity, just report the salinity and compare it to the other methods. The density conversion
using a conductivity ratio is a more difficult, nonlinear computation.
Pointers for a good lab write-up:
•
In your write-up, make sure to briefly mention the principles of operation for each method, to
demonstrate that you have a solid understanding of how each instrument works.
•
The uncertainty of each measurement technique should be analyzed and reported. A clear
understanding of random versus systematic errors is important.
•
Is it justified to make scalar ‘adjustments’ for one method or another, when the density for the
reference DI water is not a perfect match to expectation? How might we know better whether a
scalar (or other) adjustment is justified?
•
Of the three methods, which is ‘best’, and why? Might one method be best in one circumstance,
and not another? You should comment not only on precision, but also on ease of the technique,
the speed, the volume of sample, cost per analysis, the skill of the operator. You may want to
create a table
Make a table of density and salinity measurements and include you estimates for the uncertainty.
Are the values in agreement with one another based on the precision of each method? If not,
what might cause this?
•
Salinity
Density
0
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
SW RI
Salinity
SW Density
Salinity
0,9978
1,0204
1,0212
1,0219
1,0227
1,0235
1,0242
1,0250
1,0257
1,0265
1,0272
Refractive Index
Salinity
1,33300
1,33970
30
1,33993
31
1,34015
32
1,34037
33
1,34060
34
1,34082
35
1,34104
36
1,34127
37
1,34149
38
1,34171
39
1,3414
37,605
Salinity vs Refractiv
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
1,33950
1,34000
1,0262
37,605
Slope =
intercept =
1320,8
-1317,8
Salinity vs Density
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
1,0200
1,0210
1,0220
Slope
Intercept
alinity vs Refractive Index
1,34000
1,34050
1,34100
y = 4483,9x – 5977
R² = 1
1,34150
y = 1320,8x – 1317,8
R² = 0,9999
linity vs Density
1,0220
1,0230
1,34200
1,0240
1,0250
1,0260
1,0270
1,0280
35
30
25
20
0
Slope
Intercept
35
30
25
20
0
1323,903
-1320,95
1,3408
1,3397
1,3386
1,3375
1,333
4483,86
-5977,05
Last 5 digits of PID
56863
85542
48830
79945
73006
71141
99321
40088
09686
10723
05241
96320
50555
64537
59587
30227
40361
88496
07906
32575
87106
25919
27000
44920
29546
09769
51962
51727
88646
99591
05676
85078
88470
48681
76734
40373
22366
87710
59125
15374
85489
42486
85515
29136
22250
89828
out
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.11 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.99 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.69 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.92 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.28 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.17 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.83 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.06 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.27 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.88 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.86 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.85 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.21 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.12 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.93 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.88 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.24 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.72 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.34 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.42 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.07 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.98 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.17 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.87 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.82 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.08 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.77 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.99 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.27 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.34 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.22 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.62 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.60 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.76 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.12 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.34 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.80 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.20 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.33 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.13 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.01 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.96 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.86 g, BOD bottle #2 we
50731
49860
08573
62598
81503
32676
55197
10094
44120
00977
96313
00511
91778
88995
79923
94388
85050
41883
00534
65451
00130
99391
25014
02114
04793
04621
23249
76790
80567
43382
51384
74197
31290
24847
37706
34651
03213
58272
77167
17383
28267
18274
60157
91401
17948
68499
72199
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.02 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.48 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.93 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.55 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.01 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.76 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.31 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.57 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.51 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.28 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.00 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.22 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.37 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.44 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.49 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.73 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.16 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.49 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.45 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.79 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.59 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.28 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.22 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.36 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.13 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.52 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.52 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.78 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.92 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.25 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.25 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.25 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.79 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.77 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.16 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.01 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.33 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.99 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.79 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.31 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.26 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.31 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.40 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.21 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.57 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.93 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.36 g, BOD bottle #2 we
97500
04647
77196
59802
27402
53368
69314
40954
16367
02713
66688
81535
82590
71483
58192
78928
66376
88217
70911
30244
42573
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.88 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.72 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.22 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.45 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.06 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.15 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.13 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.94 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.46 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.81 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.26 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.15 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.80 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.21 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.42 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.54 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.35 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.73 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.95 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.14 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.23 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.72 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.27 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.95 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.38 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.68 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.78 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.12 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.64 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.69 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.05 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.47 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.20 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.76 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.95 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.10 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.65 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.95 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.01 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.22 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.96 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.59 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.69 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.18 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.07 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.54 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.31 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.85 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.87 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.79 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.39 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.51 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.05 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.61 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.99 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.75 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.79 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.12 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.17 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.01 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.04 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.28 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.59 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.33 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.30 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.33 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.68 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.41 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.87 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.45 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.76 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.70 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.45 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.80 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.40 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.45 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.78 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.60 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.81 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.35 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.37 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.21 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.55 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.59 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.96 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.66 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.56 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.70 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.52 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.69 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.94 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.84 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.86 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.94 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.99 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.06 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.07 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.38 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 247.85 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 245.80 g, BOD bottle #2 we
Your Data is as follows: DENSITY BY BOD BOTTLE: BOD bottle #1 weighs 246.63 g, BOD bottle #2 we
ghs 245.11 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.58 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.58 g.
ghs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.01 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.21 g.
ghs 245.99 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.19 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.18 g.
ghs 247.69 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.75 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.17 g.
ghs 246.92 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.71 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.80 g.
ghs 245.28 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.72 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.37 g.
ghs 245.17 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.19 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.44 g.
ghs 245.83 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.31 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.37 g.
ghs 247.06 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.25 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.55 g.
ghs 246.27 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.80 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.53 g.
ghs 245.88 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.48 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.14 g.
ghs 247.86 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.72 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.01 g.
ghs 245.85 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.94 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.03 g.
ghs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.97 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.19 g.
ghs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.50 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.49 g.
ghs 246.21 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.78 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.26 g.
ghs 247.12 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.54 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.52 g.
ghs 246.93 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.34 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.51 g.
ghs 247.88 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.48 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.11 g.
ghs 247.24 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.71 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.48 g.
ghs 246.72 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.05 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.37 g.
ghs 245.34 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.86 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.46 g.
ghs 245.42 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.65 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.55 g.
ghs 246.07 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.15 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.42 g.
ghs 245.98 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.82 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.57 g.
ghs 247.17 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.17 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.82 g.
ghs 246.87 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.56 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.74 g.
ghs 247.82 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.95 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.84 g.
ghs 246.08 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.74 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.02 g.
ghs 246.77 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.70 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.57 g.
ghs 247.99 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.69 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.82 g.
ghs 245.27 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.84 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.43 g.
ghs 247.34 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.36 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.66 g.
ghs 245.22 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.31 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.79 g.
ghs 245.62 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.39 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.77 g.
ghs 246.60 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.65 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.71 g.
ghs 246.76 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.26 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.13 g.
ghs 247.12 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.16 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.31 g.
ghs 247.34 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.22 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.45 g.
ghs 247.80 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.55 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.51 g.
ghs 246.20 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.55 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.77 g.
ghs 247.33 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.20 g.
ghs 247.13 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.59 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.83 g.
ghs 247.01 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.42 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.49 g.
ghs 247.96 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.78 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.72 g.
ghs 245.86 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.05 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.90 g.
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
ghs 246.02 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.26 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.95 g.
ghs 247.48 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.69 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.65 g.
ghs 245.93 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.87 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.33 g.
ghs 245.55 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.01 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.48 g.
ghs 246.01 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.23 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.28 g.
ghs 247.76 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.45 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.35 g.
ghs 246.31 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.54 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.65 g.
ghs 245.57 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.37 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.24 g.
ghs 246.51 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.56 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.49 g.
ghs 245.28 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.22 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.74 g.
ghs 245.00 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.08 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.66 g.
ghs 247.22 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.73 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.46 g.
ghs 247.37 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.49 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.54 g.
ghs 247.44 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.80 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.06 g.
ghs 246.49 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.97 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.43 g.
ghs 246.73 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.78 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.77 g.
ghs 247.16 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.87 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.72 g.
ghs 247.49 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.81 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.38 g.
ghs 247.45 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.69 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.43 g.
ghs 246.79 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.61 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.22 g.
ghs 246.59 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.67 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.12 g.
ghs 246.28 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.28 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.93 g.
ghs 246.22 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.36 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.61 g.
ghs 247.36 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.55 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.64 g.
ghs 246.13 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.93 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.62 g.
ghs 247.52 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.22 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.67 g.
ghs 245.52 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.30 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.62 g.
ghs 247.78 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.00 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.10 g.
ghs 245.92 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.08 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.72 g.
ghs 246.25 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.74 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.49 g.
ghs 247.25 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.24 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.46 g.
ghs 245.25 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.26 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.54 g.
ghs 246.79 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.62 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.83 g.
ghs 245.77 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.78 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.97 g.
ghs 247.16 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.62 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.10 g.
ghs 245.01 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.61 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.08 g.
ghs 247.33 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.93 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.19 g.
ghs 247.99 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.06 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.90 g.
ghs 245.79 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.39 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.98 g.
ghs 247.31 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.14 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.98 g.
ghs 246.26 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.02 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.07 g.
ghs 247.31 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.41 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.31 g.
ghs 247.40 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.66 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.67 g.
ghs 247.21 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.10 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.76 g.
ghs 247.57 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.06 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.86 g.
ghs 245.93 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.45 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.23 g.
ghs 245.36 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.62 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.38 g.
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
ghs 247.88 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.77 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.03 g.
ghs 247.72 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.48 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.44 g.
ghs 246.22 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.09 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.45 g.
ghs 246.45 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.64 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.35 g.
ghs 247.06 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.17 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.74 g.
ghs 245.15 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.82 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.90 g.
ghs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.10 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.14 g.
ghs 245.13 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.87 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.16 g.
ghs 245.94 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.68 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.73 g.
ghs 245.46 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.49 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.07 g.
ghs 245.81 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.11 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.23 g.
ghs 245.26 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.78 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.48 g.
ghs 245.15 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.26 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.51 g.
ghs 247.80 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.21 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.34 g.
ghs 245.21 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.86 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.88 g.
ghs 245.42 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.08 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.25 g.
ghs 245.54 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.64 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.05 g.
ghs 246.35 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.53 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.00 g.
ghs 245.73 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.05 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.48 g.
ghs 247.95 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.50 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.02 g.
ghs 246.14 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.35 g.
ghs 245.23 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.61 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.66 g.
ghs 245.72 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.96 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.62 g.
ghs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.73 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.24 g.
ghs 245.27 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.92 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.51 g.
ghs 246.95 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.47 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.71 g.
ghs 246.38 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.78 g.
ghs 247.68 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.61 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.13 g.
ghs 246.78 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.95 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.11 g.
ghs 247.12 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.78 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.64 g.
ghs 247.64 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.82 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.50 g.
ghs 247.69 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.53 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.04 g.
ghs 245.05 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.86 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.61 g.
ghs 247.47 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.14 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.05 g.
ghs 245.20 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.76 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.82 g.
ghs 246.76 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.22 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.78 g.
ghs 247.95 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.11 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.16 g.
ghs 246.10 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.81 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.30 g.
ghs 245.65 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.67 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.66 g.
ghs 247.95 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.49 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.60 g.
ghs 245.01 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.15 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.02 g.
ghs 247.22 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.39 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.01 g.
ghs 245.96 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.80 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.83 g.
ghs 246.59 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.93 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.12 g.
ghs 246.69 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.99 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.81 g.
ghs 245.18 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.55 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.08 g.
ghs 246.07 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.61 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.60 g.
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
ghs 246.54 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.46 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.87 g.
ghs 246.31 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.36 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.17 g.
ghs 247.85 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.42 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.23 g.
ghs 246.87 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.69 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.59 g.
ghs 245.79 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.21 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.13 g.
ghs 245.39 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.24 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.39 g.
ghs 245.51 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.97 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.28 g.
ghs 246.05 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.84 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.41 g.
ghs 246.61 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.66 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.95 g.
ghs 246.99 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.43 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.60 g.
ghs 246.75 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.65 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.71 g.
ghs 246.79 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.64 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.76 g.
ghs 246.12 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.13 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.99 g.
ghs 245.17 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.51 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.85 g.
ghs 246.01 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.68 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.51 g.
ghs 246.04 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.04 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.99 g.
ghs 247.28 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.34 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.25 g.
ghs 245.59 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.72 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.94 g.
ghs 245.33 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.82 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.39 g.
ghs 246.30 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.84 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.40 g.
ghs 246.33 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.16 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.84 g.
ghs 245.68 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.42 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.10 g.
ghs 246.41 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.91 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.86 g.
ghs 247.87 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.12 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.90 g.
ghs 245.45 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.66 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.63 g.
ghs 246.56 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.91 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.37 g.
ghs 245.76 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.00 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.42 g.
ghs 245.70 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.83 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.46 g.
ghs 247.45 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.42 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.60 g.
ghs 247.80 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.36 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.65 g.
ghs 247.40 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.21 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.81 g.
ghs 247.45 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.85 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.22 g.
ghs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.90 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.64 g.
ghs 245.78 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.79 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.74 g.
ghs 245.60 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.53 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.76 g.
ghs 246.81 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.53 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.57 g.
ghs 247.35 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.45 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.62 g.
ghs 246.37 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.84 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.10 g.
ghs 246.21 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.15 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.54 g.
ghs 247.55 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.01 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.77 g.
ghs 246.59 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.78 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.29 g.
ghs 246.96 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.48 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.63 g.
ghs 245.66 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.16 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.55 g.
ghs 247.56 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.35 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.03 g.
ghs 245.70 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.25 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.74 g.
ghs 246.52 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.16 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.18 g.
ghs 245.69 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.34 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.87 g.
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.6
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
ghs 245.94 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.81 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.69 g.
ghs 247.84 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.29 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.36 g.
ghs 246.80 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.59 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.78 g.
ghs 245.86 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.53 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.85 g.
ghs 245.94 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 247.30 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.22 g.
ghs 245.99 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.34 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.53 g.
ghs 247.06 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.85 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.64 g.
ghs 247.07 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.27 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.90 g.
ghs 245.38 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.23 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.56 g.
ghs 247.85 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.45 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 245.45 g.
ghs 245.80 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 246.49 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 246.33 g.
ghs 246.63 g, BOD bottle #2 weighs 245.05 g, BOD bottle #3 weighs 247.45 g.
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.7
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.9
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 22.5
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.8
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.1
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.2
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 23.0
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.3
You fill each of these BOD bottles with DI water that is 21.4
bottles with DI water that is 22.7°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.1°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.1°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 23.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.6°C.
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bottles with DI water that is 21.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.1°C.
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bottles with DI water that is 21.5°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.7°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.2°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.7°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.6°C.
bottles with DI water that is 23.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.2°C.
bottles with DI water that is 23.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.2°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.5°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.5°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.6°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.1°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.2°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.7°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.1°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.6°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.4°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.4°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.0°C.
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.79 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.71 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.24 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.82 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.17 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.75 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.64 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.56 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.22 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.71 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.17 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.40 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.83 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.12 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.34 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.20 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.21 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.29 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.61 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.44 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.25 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.17 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.33 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.22 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.21 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.93 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.24 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.89 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.50 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.02 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.77 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.86 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.00 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.38 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.42 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.08 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.27 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.14 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.99 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 548.14 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.21 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.57 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.96 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.03 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.93 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.67 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
bottles with DI water that is 22.6°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.4°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.2°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.4°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.4°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.7°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.4°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 23.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.7°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 23.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.6°C.
bottles with DI water that is 23.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.4°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.9°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.5°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.7°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.7°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.5°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.6°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 23.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.6°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.0°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.1°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.8°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.3°C.
bottles with DI water that is 22.8°C.
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.37 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.75 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.57 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.75 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.57 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.19 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.10 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.62 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.69 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.86 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.51 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.85 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.80 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.91 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.33 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.91 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.45 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.55 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.73 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.24 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.46 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.83 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.72 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.06 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.17 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.53 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.84 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.47 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.01 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.44 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.61 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.67 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.45 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.26 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.15 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 544.46 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.79 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 548.11 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.75 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.19 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.14 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.30 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.06 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.17 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 547.69 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 546.20 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
The mass of BOD bottle #1 with the DI water is 545.62 g, the mass of BOD bottle #2 with the DI wa
bottles with DI water that is 22.4°C.
bottles with DI water that is 21.9°C.
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bottles with DI water that is 22.1°C.
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bottles with DI …

UCSD Measure Density of Seawater From Scripps Pier Using Four Different Methods Lab

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