Question 1
1.
The study of motivation is an attempt to understand _____ a behavior occurs.
Answer
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A. |
why |
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B. |
how |
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C. |
when |
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D. |
all of these |
2 points
Question 2
1.
Psychologists define hypothetical states that activate behavior and propel one towards goals as
Answer
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needs |
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motives |
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drives |
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incentives |
2 points
Question 3
1.
The study of motivation is complex because it cannot be directly observed, only
Answer
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inferred from behavior |
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compared with other behavioral forces |
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assumed to exist |
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subjectively viewed |
2 points
Question 4
1.
Motives can take the form of
Answer
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needs, drive, and incentives |
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requirements, desires, and impulses |
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stimuli, events, and actions |
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both a and b |
2 points
Question 5
1.
Examples of physiological needs are
Answer
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oxygen, food, water, and proper temperature |
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love, esteem, and finances |
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waste elimination |
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both a and c |
2 points
Question 6
1.
Needs can be described as
Answer
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physiological and psychological |
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physiological and biological |
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psychological and spiritual |
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permanent states |
2 points
Question 7
1.
Physiological needs must be met
Answer
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by caretakers |
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by the environment |
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in order to be happy |
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in order to survive |
2 points
Question 8
1.
Good grades serve as a(n) _______________ for studying.
Answer
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incentive |
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drive |
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stimulus |
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requirement |
2 points
Question 9
1.
____________ will lead to higher or greater levels of drive.
Answer
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Basic needs |
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Environmental conditions |
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Deprivation |
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Need gratification |
2 points
Question 10
1.
Instinctual behavior is indicative of
Answer
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unlearned responses |
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genetically transmitted behaviors |
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species-specific responses |
2 points
Question 11
1.
The individual responsible for describing the drive-reduction theory was
Answer
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Sigmund Freud |
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William James |
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Richard Solomon |
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Clark Hull |
2 points
Question 12
1.
Drive reduction theory defines hunger, pain, and thirst as
Answer
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primary drives |
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instincts |
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secondary drives |
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acquired motives |
2 points
Question 13
1.
The concept of _________________ describes the body’s tendency to maintain a steady state or to act to restore balance in response to deprivation.
Answer
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hunger |
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acquired drives |
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homeostasis |
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releasers |
2 points
Question 14
1.
According to Maslow’s __________ theory, humans are motivated by drives for personal growth.
Answer
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behavioral |
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psychoanalytic |
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humanistic |
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Freudian |
2 points
Question 15
1.
According to Maslow, individuals would not be motivated to satisfy their ________ needs until their _____ needs are met.
Answer
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physical; psychological |
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psychological, physical |
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physical; actualization |
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primary; acquired |
2 points
Question 16
1.
A homeless individual motivated to seek shelter at a church to escape the rain is satifying ______________ according to Maslow’s hierarchy.
Answer
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physiological needs |
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esteem needs |
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safety needs |
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physiological and safety needs |
2 points
Question 17
1.
According to the cognitive perspective of motivation, people
Answer
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do what they think about |
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try to eliminate discrepancies in information |
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hold inconsistent beliefs |
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are more likely to appreciate things that come easy to them |
2 points
Question 18
1.
In the classic “sham feeding” experiments with dogs, what occurred?
Answer
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The dogs received no signals of satiety from chewing and swallowing |
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The food reached the dogs’ stomachs, and they stopped eating |
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Even though no food reached their stomachs, the dogs stopping feeding after a while, and resumed feeding sooner than dogs whose food reached their stomachs |
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The dogs stopped feeding after a while, and did not eat as soon as dogs whose food reached their stomachs |
2 points
Question 19
1.
Satiety refers to
Answer
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satisfaction with the amount of food eaten |
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tension reduction |
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being well rested |
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being in a state of balance |
2 points
Question 20
1.
If the ventromedial nucleus (VMN) of a rat’s brain is destroyed, the rat
Answer
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becomes hyperphagic and continues to eat until it has doubled its normal weight |
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become aphagic and stops eating altogether |
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becomes hypophagic and continues to eat until it has doubled its normal weight |
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becomes aphagic and eats until is has doubled its weight |
2 points
Question 21
1.
The hypothalamus plays a key role in hunger regulation in that it is a brain center that
Answer
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drops the sugar level of the blood |
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launches the conversion of glycogen into glucose |
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regulates the pleasure in eating |
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signals hunger and satiety |
2 points
Question 22
1.
Biological factors in hunger include
Answer
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stomach contractions |
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blood sugar level |
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the hypothalamus |
2 points
Question 23
1.
Eating because you are bored, depressed, or socializing demonstrates the role of _____ in regulating the hunger drive.
Answer
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learned behavior |
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psychological factors |
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external incentives |
2 points
Question 24
1.
Which of the following is true about obesity?
Answer
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1 out of 3 adult Americans are obese |
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Less than one half of African American women over the age of 40 are obese |
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Problems with unhealthy weight gain in the United States has been decreasing |
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About 1 million Americans die each year because of health problems related to obesity. |
2 points
Question 25
1.
Dieting results in a(n)_________ of the metabolic rate.
Answer
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slowing |
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speeding |
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increase |
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leveling |
