lease provide an example of a case study with the provided presenting complaint specific to each of these systems. This case should present the clinical approach and decision-making process involved in diagnostic reasoning and therapeutic decision making.
You will present a Fictitious Illustrative Case presentation on the following topics:
Cardiovascular – Chest pain with activity which radiates to (L) arm
Include the following in each case:
Subjective data- questions to be asked
Objective data- Expected physical findings
Differential Diagnosis
Cannot miss diagnosis (Important diagnosis which CANNOT be missed)
Final Diagnosis
Clinical Guideline for specific diagnosis
Treatment
Follow-up
Prognosis
Name: Pt. Encounter Number:
Date: Age: Sex:
SUBJECTIVE
CC:
Reason given by the patient for seeking medical care “in quotes”
HPI:
Describe the course of the patient’s illness, including when it began, character of symptoms, location
where the symptoms began, aggravating or alleviating factors, pertinent positives and negatives, other
related diseases, past illnesses, and surgeries or past diagnostic testing related to the present illness.
Medications: (List with reason for med )
PMH
Allergies:
Medication Intolerances:
Chronic Illnesses/Major traumas
Hospitalizations/Surgeries
“Have you ever been told that you have diabetes, HTN, peptic ulcer disease, asthma, lung disease, heart
disease, cancer, TB, thyroid problems, kidney problems, or psychiatric diagnosis?”
Family History
Does your mother, father, or siblings have any medical or psychiatric illnesses? Is anyone diagnosed with:
lung disease, heart disease, HTN, cancer, TB, DM, or kidney disease?
Social History
Education level, occupational history, current living situation/partner/marital status, substance use/abuse,
ETOH, tobacco, and marijuana. Safety status
ROS
General
Weight change, fatigue, fever, chills, night sweats,
and energy level
Cardiovascular
Chest pain, palpitations, PND, orthopnea, and
edema
Skin
Delayed healing, rashes, bruising, bleeding or skin
discolorations, and any changes in lesions or moles
Respiratory
Cough, wheezing, hemoptysis, dyspnea, pneumonia
hx, and TB
Eyes
Corrective lenses, blurring, and visual changes of
any kind
Gastrointestinal
Abdominal pain, N/V/D, constipation, hepatitis,
hemorrhoids, eating disorders, ulcers, and black,
tarry stools
Ears
Ear pain, hearing loss, ringing in ears, and
discharge
Genitourinary/Gynecological
Urgency, frequency burning, change in color of
urine.
Contraception, sexual activity, STDs
Female: last pap, breast, mammo, menstrual
complaints, vaginal discharge, pregnancy hx
Male: prostate, PSA, urinary complaints
Nose/Mouth/Throat
Sinus problems, dysphagia, nose bleeds or
discharge, dental disease, hoarseness, and throat
pain
Musculoskeletal
Back pain, joint swelling, stiffness or pain, fracture
hx, and osteoporosis
Breast
SBE, lumps, bumps, or changes
Neurological
Syncope, seizures, transient paralysis, weakness,
paresthesias, and black-out spells
Heme/Lymph/Endo
HIV status, bruising, blood transfusion hx, night
sweats, swollen glands, increase thirst, increase
hunger, and cold or heat intolerance
Psychiatric
Depression, anxiety, sleeping difficulties, suicidal
ideation/attempts, and previous dx
OBJECTIVE
Weight BMI Temp BP
Height Pulse Resp
General Appearance
Healthy-appearing adult female in no acute distress. Alert and oriented; answers questions appropriately.
Slightly somber affect at first and then brighter later.
Skin
Skin is brown, warm, dry, clean, and intact. No rashes or lesions noted.
HEENT
Head is normocephalic, atraumatic, and without lesions; hair evenly distributed. Eyes: PERRLA. EOMs
intact. No conjunctival or scleral injection. Ears: Canals patent. Bilateral TMs pearly gray with positive
light reflex; landmarks easily visualized. Nose: Nasal mucosa pink; normal turbinates. No septal deviation.
Neck: Supple. Full ROM; no cervical lymphadenopathy; no occipital nodes. No thyromegaly or nodules.
Oral mucosa, pink and moist. Pharynx is nonerythematous and without exudate. Teeth are in good repair.
Cardiovascular
S1, S2 with regular rate and rhythm. No extra sounds, clicks, rubs, or murmurs. Capillary refills two
seconds. Pulses 3+ throughout. No edema.
Respiratory
Symmetric chest wall. Respirations regular and easy; lungs clear to auscultation bilaterally.
Gastrointestinal
Abdomen obese; BS active in all the four quadrants. Abdomen soft, nontender. No hepatosplenomegaly.
Breast
Breast is free from masses or tenderness, no discharge, no dimpling, wrinkling, or discoloration of the skin.
Genitourinary
Bladder is nondistended; no CVA tenderness. External genitalia reveals coarse pubic hair in normal
distribution; skin color is consistent with general pigmentation. No vulvar lesions noted. Well estrogenized.
A small speculum was inserted; vaginal walls are pink and well rugated; no lesions noted. Cervix is pink
and nulliparous. Scant clear to cloudy drainage present. On bimanual exam, cervix is firm. No CMT.
Uterus is antevert and positioned behind a slightly distended bladder; no fullness, masses, or tenderness.
No adnexal masses or tenderness. Ovaries are nonpalpable.
(Male: Both testes are palpable, no masses or lesions, no hernia, and no uretheral discharge.)
(Rectal as appropriate: No evidence of hemorrhoids, fissures, bleeding, or masses—Males: Prostrate is
smooth, nontender, and free from nodules, is of normal size, and sphincter tone is firm).
Musculoskeletal
Full ROM seen in all four extremities as the patient moved about the exam room.
Neurological
Speech clear. Good tone. Posture erect. Balance stable; gait normal.
Psychiatric
Alert and oriented. Dressed in clean slacks, shirt, and coat. Maintains eye contact. Speech is soft, though
clear and of normal rate and cadence; answers questions appropriately.
Lab Tests
Urinalysis—pending
Urine culture—pending
Wet prep—pending
Special Tests
Diagnosis
o Include at least three differential diagnosis
o Final diagnosis
Evidence for final diagnosis should be documented in your Subjective and
Objective exams.
PLAN including education
o Plan:
Further testing
Medication
Education
Nonmedication treatments
Follow-up