Hereare the topics we studied in the Leadership and Ethics course
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Name of the book is “Exploring Leadership for College students who want to make a difference” Second Edition by Jossey-Bass.
Anything you see in RED is topics the lecturer always talks about and what could be included. Also I used some references from the book that you could incorporate as we were told to stick to the book if we wanted to references. But it is a guide. You can do what ever you want to.
FOUNDATIONAL PRINCIPLES
Leadership is a concern of all of us.
Leadership is viewed and valued differently by various disciplines and cultures.
Conventional views of leadership have changed.
Leadership qualities and skills can be learned and developed.
Leadership committed to ethical action is needed to encourage change and social responsibility.
THREE BASIC PRINCIPLES INVOLVED: KNOWING, BEING AND DOING (NB. Our lecturer spoke about this a lot in class if you could use it.
RPIDLY CHANGINT TIMES…Collectively smarter, Reflectively smarter, Spiritually smarter.
Understanding and examining paradigms.
Followership and Fellowership.
Purpose of leadership
Civic engagement and civic responsibility.
Leadership viewed from different frames.
Leadership requires openness to learning.
THE LEARNING MODEL…. (lecturer always refers to this) Source; Watkins & Marsick (1993) Reprinted with permission.
Experimental Learning
Experimental Learning Model Kolb’s Experimental Learning Model
Purposeful, Inclusive, Empowering, Ethical, Process-oriented
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Myths and truths about leadership.
Definition of leadership.
Generations of Leadership Theories
Great man approaches
Trait approaches
Behavioral approaches
Situational contingency approaches
Influence approaches
Chaos theories
Influence theories
Reciprocal Leadership theories
Transforming leadership theory
Servant leadership theory
Followership theory
The world of chaos and systems
Sensitivity to Initial conditions
Relationships, Connections and Anding
Authentic leadership
Lecturer always speaks about the Relationship model.
The Relational Leadership Model …Inclusive, Empowering, Ethical, Purposeful
Knowing Being Doing
Leading by example
Relational Leadership Is About Process
Cooperation and Collaboration
Meaning Making
Reflection and Contemplation (Vaill 1989 proposes that the rapid pace of chance and the need to make meaning from ambiguous material requires individuals and groups to practice reflection
Development of self for leadership
Esteem and confidence
Understanding yourself
Factors that shape your identity
Values beliefs ethics and character
Personal style preference
Understanding others
Individuality and commonality
Understanding gender diversity/Understanding cultural diversity/Understanding international diversity
Your cultural heritage
Building multicultural appreciation
Cultural influences on leadership behavior
Communication/conflict resolution/decision making/leadership and communication
Assertive communication/ Relational empathy
Leading with integrity and moral purpose
Crating and sustaining an ethical organizational environment
Moral purpose as an act of courage
Kidder (2005) describes moral courage as “the quality of mind and spirit that enables one to face up to ethical challenges firmly and confidently without flinching or retreating”……. (you could use this quote)
Assumptions about ethical leadership
Cultural assumptions
Transforming leadership theory is a process in which “leaders and followers raise one another to higher levels of morality and motivation” (Burns 1978) You can use this quote
Modeling a Moral Purpose
Moral talk
Ethical Decision-Making Models
Practical Applications
Kidder (1995) defines tough choices as “those that pit one ‘right’ value against another “ (you can use this quote……(I just got them ALL from the book)
Ethical principles and standards
THIS IS DIRECTLY FROM THE BOOK, AS I HAVE NO SCANNER SO YOU CAN USE FROM IT……….
In the helping professions, several scholars have adapted Aristotle’s ethical principles, which serve as the foundation for living an ethical life and as principles or standards to guide physicians, psychologists, and counselors in particular (Beauchamp & Childress, 1979; Kitchener, 1984). Beauchamp and Childress (1979) proposed five principles of biomedical ethics, which were later adapted by Karen Strohom Kitchener, a professor of education, for the counseling psychology field. The five ethical principles are: respecting autonomy, doing no harm, benefiting others, being just, and being faithful.
==============================================================Interacting in teams and groups
Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning
Leader should ask himself these questions
Purposeful, Inclusive, Empowering, Ethical, Process oriented.
Difference with groups and teams
Understanding complex organizations.
A system is defined as an environment in which each interaction between members produce s outcomes that affect each individual and subsequent interactions and outcomes (Tubbs, 1994) This was from the book.
Organizations as complex systems
Organizational structures…Traditional organizational structure/ Inverted organizational structure/ The web structure
Organizational Mission, Vision and Core Values.
The mission of the organization is, quite simply, why it exists Jones and Kahaner (1995)
Mission statement
Organizational Culture
Project GLOBE
Organizational networks
VIrtuality and the impact of technology
==============================================================Being in communities, the importance of communities
A community is often described as a social group that not only shares an identity and structured pattern of interaction, but also a common geographical territory. (Goodman, 1992,, p.48)
Gardner (1990) extends the traditional definitions of community to refer to effective communities as those that practice these eight elements.
WHOLENESS INCORPORATING DIVERSITY
A SHARED CULTURE
GOOD INTERNAL COMMUNICATION
CARING TRUST AND TEAMWORK
GROUP MAINTENANCE AND GOVERNANCE
PARTICIPATION AND SHARED LEADERSHIP TASKS
DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG PEOPLE. …OR NEW MEMBERS
LINKS WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD
Arin Gandhi (1998) shares many lessons he learned as a small boy form his grandfather, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Among those lessons where his grandfather’s reflections on what caused violence in human life
WEALTH WITHOUT WORK
PLEASURE WITHOUT CONSCIENCE
KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT CHARACTER
COMMERCE WITHOUT MORALITY
SCIENCE WITHOUT HUMANITY
WORSHIP WITHOUT SACRIFICE
POLITICS WITHOUG PRINCIPLE
RITHGS WITHOUT RESPONSIBILITIES
Gudykunst (1991) proposes that individual participants practice these seven community building principles
BE COMITTED:
BE MINDFUL:
BE UNCONDITIONALLY ACCEPTING
BE CONCERNED FOR BOTH YOURSELF AND OTHERS
BE UNDERSTANDING
BE ETHICAL
BE PEACEFUL
Here are topics we worked from handouts the lecturer gave us.
Leadership frames of reference
Power influence and leadership
Increasing power through political activity
Your leadership orientation
Leadership on the line, staying alive through the dangers of leading
LEADERSHIP AT WORK
Circle of influence
Recognize your natural leadership frame of reference and how you can expand your perspective.
Use power and politics to help accomplish important organizational goals
Identify types and sources of power in organizations and know how to increase power through political activity
Use the influence tactics of rational persuasion friendliness, reciprocity, developing allies, direct appeal and scarcity.
HERE IS THE QUESTION AGAIN BUT I JUST ADDED IN MY EXPERIENCES FOR YOU TO WORK WITH. ALSO PLEASE SCROLL DOWN TO THE BOTTOM FOR SOME ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. THE JOURNAL IS NOT TO BE MORE THAN 4 PAGES TOTAL.
Individual Assignment – 3 (30%)- Due date 25th April
NOTE
You must use examples and information ONLY from the textbook. You will be penalized if you get information from the Internet. Think carefully before you write.
Write a reflection paper on an experience where leadership was in action. You may wish to draw upon your experiences from the work place, church, community or group that you maybe a member of.
Your paper should highlight the concepts of relational leadership, such as, risk taking, collaboration, and group problem solving and personal and group empowerment.
Below is a guide as to the paper’s completion:
Background of the experience (5%)
· Where, what was the objective of the group or entity
The group is called Juliet and Friends. The group consists of musicians who perform free of charge at various orphanages in Trinidad and Tobago. We perform for fund raising events that benefit children (free of charge) We actually organize Christmas parties and get donations from organizations for the parties. We also would take the children on hikes and involve them in sporting activities. We are all accomplished musicians but it is a form of giving back. The only armature musician is Rick who is the drummer.
Practicing Leadership (15%)
· Who assumed leadership roles during the activities? How or why did the individual or individuals come to assume these responsibilities?
Rick who is the drummer organized the role of writing companies and businesses and asking for donations. E.g. stores donated toys for the children for Christmas. Other companies organized refreshments for the children. He did a lot of work and got a multitude of other people who were not members of the band to help. It was Rick’s idea to do the charity performances.
· What behaviors would you describe as showing leadership?
· What were the difficulties of practicing leadership in this group? How might you have overcome the challenges?
Actually everyone in the group is an accomplished musician except Rick. However, Rick has the biggest heart and is very kind so we had to try and work with him. Dean who is the guitarist is in great demand by musicians both in Trinidad and overseas. He is truly gifted and is almost finished doing his second music degree. He said that he would no longer play in the same band with Rick. I understand and I had to plead and reason with Dean just to do it for the children as frustrating as it was. Dean is super smart and he is a kind person but he is not so patient because he told me he spoke to Rick many years ago about improving his playing, and actually told him how it could be done, Unfortunately Rick has not improved. Up to now. Dean and I are very private people and we are actually in a relationship but nobody in the band is aware. I had to consider if to please Dean or to please Rick.
Antonio who is the percussionist, excellent but very humble suggested we pray for harmony because Dean found that our music was being compromised and that Rick should only stick to the business part of the group. Sean who is a dynamic bass player suggested that we try to work with Rick and give him a time limit with regards to playing in the band. If his playing did not improve, he would have to be replaced. The problem is that I was the person who had to give Rick the news. We were all discussing Rick’s drumming capabilities unknown to him.
I tried to talk to Rick but every time I said something or made a suggestion, he always had a reason and an excuse. He really has no idea how he sounds. I just did not know how to deal with it. Dean told me that he actually spoke to Rick AGAIN and explained his faults etc. He said that Rick seemed to understand but said he did not know how to practice and improve. Once again Dean told him. I was glad to know so I approached Rick and when I spoke to him…..Rick said that Dean did not tell him anything about it . I realized at that point that Rick was in denial because Dean would not lie to me.
· Did the leadership roles shift around or remain with the same person or people throughout the activities? Why?
I was the musical director of the band. I played keyboards and sang. I chose the songs and did the arrangements. I also visited the various homes etc offering our services. I was in charge of following up and putting things in place for the performances. Antonio, the percussionist got venues for us to rehearse since he had contacts. We had nowhere to rehearse. Sean organized to get the sound systems free of charge for the band. Rick dealt with a lot of the business. Actually he was doing so much that he was not very good at it and we were all frustrated. Dean actually did nothing but perform (and he made a BIG difference). Because once his name was associated with the band, it was good for the association. I think I was biased towards Dean because he is my man. Dean works by actions. Rick just talks and talks and talks and nothing much happens in my opinion. When Rick calls me on the phone I don’t answer because many times I end up with a headache.
· In your opinion, did race, gender, or inability plat a role in the assumption of leadership in any of these activities? How so?
Rick is Indian and all the other musicians are Africans. However I do not think that was a factor. Rick just did not put in the years of proper personal practice like all the other musicians.
Understanding Yourself (10%)
· What role did you play in the activities? Did you feel as if you contributed to the leadership effort? Why or why not?
· What did you learn about your own strengths and challenges in this experience? How will you work on these competencies and growth areas in the future?
· Did your values and beliefs shape your experience? How so?
Communication and Listening (20%)
· What interfered with the ability of one or more group members to listen to others?
· What elements may have prevented you from listening well?
· What elements helped you listen well?
· How did your group communicate when someone wanted something from someone else?
· Did they ask, order, demand, say nothing and do it themselves, etc.? When you wanted something, what, if anything, prevented you from asking for what you wanted?
· How did the group share ideas related to the initiative at hand? How are communication, coordination, and true collaboration different?
· How did your group handle controversy or competing ideas? Was it an effective approach? Why or why not?
Making Group Decisions (15%)
· Were you satisfied with the way decisions were made? Explain your answer.
· How quickly did your group establish “roles” within the group? Were they adhered to for the duration of the activity?
· Was it important, or even a consideration, to reach consensus as a group? Why or why not?
· What did you like or not like about the way group decisions were made?
Relational Leadership Model (20%)
· Did your group practice inclusive leadership? If so, how?
· Did your group practice empowering leadership? If so, how? What types of power were present in your group? How effectively was power used?
· What role did ethics play in your group’s experience? If unethical actions occurred, did the group address them? Why or why not?
· Did your group ever achieve common purpose? Why or why not?
· How did your group balance planning, to achieve a task with actively working on the task? Did you agree with the balance of process and outcome? How could it have been better?
Leadership Action Plan (15%)
· Reflect on what you learnt about yourself during the semester in relation to your capacity to demonstrate leadership. Reflect on what you see as your leadership strengths and weaknesses and how you will take advantage of both in the future. Briefly describe the leadership philosophy you have developed throughout this class. Has it changed since the beginning of class? If so, how? Describe two action steps you can take to continue to develop your leadership in the future. Please apply concepts learnt in this module.
That band no longer exists. However I am speaking to the musicians excepting Rick, and we will be performing with a new drummer and my new band will be launched for my birthday in June. We have already started rehearsing at my home. It’s nothing personal but it is what it is. The band is no longer a charity band. We will work for money but we will continue to do charitable performances for the children. Rick is always welcome if he has improved because sometimes emergencies may occur and a musician may not be able to make a performances. I am in contact with substitute musicians including a drummer, just in case there is an emergency and a musician cannot be available for a performance. I am the person again in charge of the band. I think that because time has elapsed I am also stronger and so I can speak to Rick and not be afraid to tell him the truith.
